Phase Synchronization
نویسنده
چکیده
Assume that the processes communicate through shared variables; contentions for access (read or write) to a shared variable by different processes are resolved arbitrarily but fairly (i.e., any process attempting to read/write a shared variable will do so eventually). Nothing may be assumed about the initial values of the shared variables. In the absence of this requirement, the following simple algorithm suffices: A counter variable c is initially 0; c is incremented by 1 whenever a process completes a phase; a process begins its phase (k + 1) only if c ≥ k × N , where N is the number of processes. One of the applications of phase synchronization is to initialize the variables of a multiprocess system before any variable is read, where different processes initialize different portions of the shared store. Here, initialization may be thought of as the first phase and regular computation as the second phase. In order to solve such problems, we assume nothing about the initial values of shared variables. Phase synchronization arises in a variety of problems (in addition to the shared store initialization problem described above). It is a basic paradigm for constructing synchronous systems out of asynchronous components: A PRAM, for instance, consists of processes that read a common store, compute, and write the common store in one step; steps are synchronized in the sense that no process begins its next step until all processes have completed their current step. Another application of phase synchronization is to abort a computation if a process detects a condition under which the computation should be aborted; it simply does not complete its current phase, thus preventing the remaining processes from starting their next phase. It is easy to take global snapshots [1] or system
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Inf. Process. Lett.
دوره 38 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1991